Fillable Printable Apa Title Page Sample
Fillable Printable Apa Title Page Sample
Apa Title Page Sample
APA Guide 6
th
Edion: Bases Covered
This document has been compiled from hp://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/ with permission from The
Wring Lab & the OWL at Perdue and Perdue University. This material may not be published,
reproduced, broadcasted, rewrien, or redistributed without permission from The Wring Law & the
OWL at Perdue and Perdue University.
Addionally, the ORS sta' has added the o(cial APA correcons. These can be found on the website or
at hp://supp.apa.org/style/pubman-reprint-correcons-for-2e.pdf.
For a slideshow with a voiceover explaining APA, please visit: http://apastyle.apa.org/
Table of Contents
1. General Format........................................................................................................................3
Title Page
2. In-Text Citations: The Basics................................................................................................6
3. In-Text Citations: Author/Authors.......................................................................................7
Citing an Author or Authors
Citing Indirect Sources
Electronic Sources
4. Footnotes and Endnotes.......................................................................................................11
5. Reference List.......................................................................................................................12
6. Reference List: Author/Authors.........................................................................................13
7. Reference List: Articles in Periodicals...............................................................................15
8. Reference List: Books..........................................................................................................17
Basic Format for Books...........................................................................................................17
9. Reference List: Other Print Sources..................................................................................18
10. Reference List: Electronic Sources...................................................................................19
11. Reference List: Other Non-Print Sources........................................................................27
12. Additional Resources.........................................................................................................29
13. Types of APA Papers..........................................................................................................30
14. APA Stylistics: Avoiding Bias............................................................................................32
15. APA Stylistics: Basics.........................................................................................................34
16. APA Headings and Seriation.............................................................................................36
17. APA Basic Formatting........................................................................................................38
18. Sample APA Paper.............................................................................................................38
19. APA Tables and Figures 1..................................................................................................38
20. APA Tables and Figures 2..................................................................................................43
21. APA Abbreviations.............................................................................................................48
22. Statistics in APA.................................................................................................................50
23. APA Classroom Poster.......................................................................................................51
1. General Format
General APA Guidelines
Your essay should be typed, double-spaced on standard-sized paper (8.5" x 11") with 1" margins
on all sides. You should use 10-12 pt. Times New Roman font or a similar font.
Include a page header at the top of every page. To create a page header, insert page numbers
flush right. Then type "TITLE OF YOUR PAPER" in the header flush left.
Major Paper Sections
Your essay should include four major sections: the Title Page, Abstract, Main Body, and
References.
Title Page
The title page should contain the title of the paper, the author's name, and the institutional
affiliation. Include the page header (described above) flush left with the page number flush right
at the top of the page. Please note that on the title page, your page header should look like this:
Running head: TITLE OF YOUR PAPER (except the words “Running head” will be deleted
from page 2 on).
After consulting with publication specialists at the APA, OWL staff learned that the APA 6th
edition sample papers have incorrect examples of Running heads on pages after the title page.
This link will take to you the APA site where you can find a complete list of all the errors in the
APA's 6th edition style guide.
Type your title in upper and lowercase letters centered in the upper half of the page. APA
recommends that your title be no more than 12 words in length and that it should not contain
abbreviations or words that serve no purpose. Your title may take up one or two lines. All text on
the title page, and throughout your paper, should be double-spaced.
Beneath the title, type the author's name: first name, middle initial(s), and last name. Do not use
titles (Dr.) or degrees (Ph.D.).
Beneath the author's name, type the institutional affiliation, which should indicate the location
where the author(s) conducted the research.
APA Title Page
Abstract
Begin a new page. Your abstract page should already include the page header (described above).
On the first line of the abstract page, center the word “Abstract” (no bold, formatting, italics,
underlining, or quotation marks).
Beginning with the next line, write a concise summary of the key points of your research. (Do
not indent.) Your abstract should contain at least your research topic, research questions,
participants, methods, results, data analysis, and conclusions. You may also include possible
implications of your research and future work you see connected with your findings. Your
abstract should be a single paragraph double-spaced. Your abstract should be between 150 and
250 words.
You may also want to list keywords from your paper in your abstract. To do this, center the text
and type Keywords: (italicized) and then list your keywords. Listing your keywords will help
researchers find your work in databases.
APA Abstract Page
Please see our Sample APA Paper resource to see an example of an APA paper. You may also
visit our Additional Resources page for more examples of APA papers.
Cite the Purdue OWL in APA:
Purdue University Online Writing Lab (OWL) (Last edited date available in the gray box at the top
of the resource). Title of resource. Retrieved month day, year, from http://Web address for OWL
resource.
2. In-Text Citations: The Basics
Reference citations in text are covered on pages 207-214 of the Publication Manual. What
follows are some general guidelines for referring to the works of others in your essay.
Note: APA style requires authors to use the past tense or present perfect tense when using signal
phrases to describe earlier research. E.g., Jones (1998) found or Jones (1998) has found...
APA Citation Basics
When using APA format, follow the author-date method of in-text citation. This means that the
author's last name and the year of publication for the source should appear in the text, E.g.,
(Jones, 1998), and a complete reference should appear in the reference list at the end of the
paper.
If you are referring to an idea from another work but NOT directly quoting the material, or
making reference to an entire book, article or other work, you only have to make reference to the
author and year of publication in your in-text reference.
In-Text Citation Capitalization, Quotes, and Italics/Underlining
Always capitalize proper nouns, including author names and initials: D. Jones.
If you refer to the title of a source within your paper, capitalize all words that are four
letters long or greater within the title of a source: Permanence and Change. Exceptions
apply to short words that are verbs, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and adverbs: Writing
New Media, There Is Nothing Left to Lose.
(Note: in your References list, only the first word of a title will be capitalized: Writing
new media.)
When capitalizing titles, capitalize both words in a hyphenated compound word: Natural-
Born Cyborgs.
Capitalize the first word after a dash or colon: "Defining Film Rhetoric: The Case of
Hitchcock's Vertigo."
Italicize or underline the titles of longer works such as books, edited collections, movies,
television series, documentaries, or albums: The Closing of the American Mind; The
Wizard of Oz; Friends.
Put quotation marks around the titles of shorter works such as journal articles, articles
from edited collections, television series episodes, and song titles: "Multimedia
Narration: Constructing Possible Worlds"; "The One Where Chandler Can't Cry."
Short Quotations
If you are directly quoting from a work, you will need to include the author, year of publication,
and the page number for the reference (preceded by "p."). Introduce the quotation with a signal
phrase that includes the author's last name followed by the date of publication in parentheses.
According to Jones (1998), "Students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it
was their first time" (p. 199). Jones (1998) found "students often had difficulty using APA style"
(p. 199); what implications does this have for teachers?
If the author is not named in a signal phrase, place the author's last name, the year of publication,
and the page number in parentheses after the quotation.
She stated, "Students often had difficulty using APA style," but she did not offer an explanation
as to why (Jones, 1998, p. 199).
Long Quotations
Place direct quotations longer than 40 words in a free-standing block of typewritten lines, and
omit quotation marks. Start the quotation on a new line, indented five spaces from the left
margin. Type the entire quotation on the new margin, and indent the first line of any subsequent
paragraph within the quotation five spaces from the new margin. Maintain double-spacing
throughout. The parenthetical citation should come after the closing punctuation mark.
Jones's (1998) study found the following:
Students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time citing
sources. This difficulty could be attributed to the fact that many students failed to purchase a
style manual or to ask their teacher for help. (p. 199)
Summary or Paraphrase
If you are paraphrasing an idea from another work, you only have to make reference to the
author and year of publication in your in-text reference, but APA guidelines encourage you to
also provide the page number (although it is not required.)
According to Jones (1998), APA style is a difficult citation format for first-time learners.
APA style is a difficult citation format for first-time learners (Jones, 1998, p. 199).
3. In-Text Citations: Author/Authors
APA style has a series of important rules on using author names as part of the author-date system.
There are additional rules for citing indirect sources, electronic sources, and sources without
page numbers.
Citing an Author or Authors
A Work by Two Authors: Name both authors in the signal phrase or in the parentheses each
time you cite the work. Use the word "and" between the authors' names within the text and use
the ampersand in the parentheses.
Research by Wegener and Petty (1994) supports...
(Wegener & Petty, 1994)
A Work by Three to Five Authors: List all the authors in the signal phrase or in parentheses the
first time you cite the source.
(Kernis, Cornell, Sun, Berry, & Harlow, 1993)
In subsequent citations, only use the first author's last name followed by "et al." in the signal
phrase or in parentheses.
(Kernis et al., 1993)
In et al., et should not be followed by a period.
Six or More Authors: Use the first author's name followed by et al. in the signal phrase or in
parentheses.
Harris et al. (2001) argued...
(Harris et al., 2001)
Unknown Author: If the work does not have an author, cite the source by its title in the signal
phrase or use the first word or two in the parentheses. Titles of books and reports are italicized or
underlined; titles of articles and chapters are in quotation marks.
A similar study was done of students learning to format research papers ("Using APA," 2001).
Note: In the rare case the "Anonymous" is used for the author, treat it as the author's name
(Anonymous, 2001). In the reference list, use the name Anonymous as the author.
Organization as an Author: If the author is an organization or a government agency, mention
the organization in the signal phrase or in the parenthetical citation the first time you cite the
source.
According to the American Psychological Association (2000),...
If the organization has a well-known abbreviation, include the abbreviation in brackets the first
time the source is cited and then use only the abbreviation in later citations.
First citation: (Mothers Against Drunk Driving [MADD], 2000)
Second citation: (MADD, 2000)
Two or More Works in the Same Parentheses: When your parenthetical citation includes two
or more works, order them the same way they appear in the reference list, separated by a semi-
colon.
(Berndt, 2002; Harlow, 1983)
Authors With the Same Last Name: To prevent confusion, use first initials with the last names.
(E. Johnson, 2001; L. Johnson, 1998)
Two or More Works by the Same Author in the Same Year: If you have two sources by the
same author in the same year, use lower-case letters (a, b, c) with the year to order the entries in
the reference list. Use the lower-case letters with the year in the in-text citation.
Research by Berndt (1981a) illustrated that...
Introductions, Prefaces, Forewords, and Afterwards: When citing an Introduction, Preface,
Foreword, or Afterward in-text, cite the appropriate author and year as usual.
(Funk & Kolln, 1992)
Personal Communication: For interviews, letters, e-mails, and other person-to-person
communication, cite the communicators name, the fact that it was personal communication, and
the date of the communication. Do not include personal communication in the reference list.
(E. Robbins, personal communication, January 4, 2001).
A. P. Smith also claimed that many of her students had difficulties with APA style (personal
communication, November 3, 2002).
Citing Indirect Sources
If you use a source that was cited in another source, name the original source in your signal
phrase. List the secondary source in your reference list and include the secondary source in the
parentheses.
Johnson argued that...(as cited in Smith, 2003, p. 102).
Note: When citing material in parentheses, set off the citation with a comma, as above.
Electronic Sources
If possible, cite an electronic document the same as any other document by using the author-date
style.
Kenneth (2000) explained...
Unknown Author and Unknown Date: If no author or date is given, use the title in your signal
phrase or the first word or two of the title in the parentheses and use the abbreviation "n.d." (for
"no date").
Another study of students and research decisions discovered that students succeeded with
tutoring ("Tutoring and APA," n.d.).
Sources Without Page Numbers
When an electronic source lacks page numbers, you should try to include information that will
help readers find the passage being cited. When an electronic document has numbered
paragraphs, use the ¶ symbol, or the abbreviation "para." followed by the paragraph number
(Hall, 2001, ¶ 5) or (Hall, 2001, para. 5). If the paragraphs are not numbered and the document
includes headings, provide the appropriate heading and specify the paragraph under that heading.
Note that in some electronic sources, like Web pages, people can use the Find function in their
browser to locate any passages you cite. According to Smith (1997), ... (Mind over Matter
section, para. 6).
Note: Never use the page numbers of Web pages you print out; different computers print Web
pages with different pagination.
4. Footnotes and Endnotes
APA does not recommend the use of footnotes and endnotes because they are often expensive for
publishers to reproduce. However, if explanatory notes still prove necessary to your document,
APA details the use of two types of footnotes: content and copyright.
When using either type of footnote, insert a number formatted in superscript following almost
any punctuation mark. Footnote numbers should not follow dashes ( — ), and if they appear in a
sentence in parentheses, the footnote number should be inserted within the parentheses.
Scientists examined—over several years
1
—the fossilized remains of the wooly-wooly yak.
2
(These have now been transferred to the Chauan Museum.
3
)
All footnotes should appear on the final page of your document (usually this is after the
References page). Center the word “Footnotes” at the top of the page. Indent five spaces on the
first line of each footnote. Then, follow normal paragraph spacing rules. Double-space
throughout.
1
While the method of examination for the wooly-wooly yak provides important insights to this
research, this document does not focus on this particular species.
Content Notes
Content Notes provide supplemental information to your readers. When providing Content
Notes, be brief and focus on only one subject. Try to limit your comments to one small
paragraph.
Content Notes can also point readers to information that is available in more detail elsewhere.
1
See Blackmur (1995), especially chapters three and four, for an insightful analysis of this
extraordinary animal.
Copyright Permission Notes
If you quote more than 500 words of published material or think you may be in violation of “Fair
Use” copyright laws, you must get the formal permission of the author(s). All other sources
simply appear in the reference list.
